Digital Technology as a Medical Device
Full course description
The emergence of digital technologies, mainly conceived outside healthcare, is impacting the traditional way of thinking about the delivery of care. Automation, Analytical, and digitalization technologies will transform medicine into a data-driven learning healthcare system. Nevertheless, the pacing of the above-mentioned technologies is much faster in our daily activities than in healthcare. This is because healthcare is a particular de-centralized ecosystem where different “actors” (healthcare providers) produce data and interact with it to perform clinical decisions that impact delivery of care. While the introduction of hardware technologies such as newer medical devices is well established by regulations and with pre-defined professional roles in charge of it, understanding the complexity of the introduction of newer digital technologies in healthcare is still an open issue. This complexity will only be broken down by re-thinking any digital technology as a medical device, whose introduction impacts the workflow and processes of the above-mentioned actors. Successful “bridge builders” in healthcare need to go beyond the knowledge of algorithms used to extract knowledge from data and they must place these technologies in the context of healthcare actors, impact, innovation, and regulations.
The digital technology as a medical device course covers the definition and placing of digital technologies as medical devices within the healthcare providers. This module is designed around the fundamental steps that need to be evaluated when considering the introduction of a newer digital technology within healthcare. Students will gain knowledge on how to formulate an implementation plan or a feasibility analysis for the introduction of a newer digital technology within healthcare. Students will become familiar with the concepts of data usage / re-usage, medical devices, clinical trials, impact and innovation. Next to that, the students will learn soft skills related to the ability of presenting data and data analytics prototype to the broader audience represented by the healthcare actors. The students will interact directly with the healthcare providers during the lectures and the practical labs.
Course objectives
The specific course objectives are:
Expert
The student is able to:
- Understand the different stakeholders that are involved in clinical decisions, data (re)usage, and the evaluation of digital technologies.
- Understand the lifecycle of a digital technology: from data, to impact and innovation and to surveillance / monitoring.
- Understand that digital technologies do not leave in a “vacuum”, but they should be associated with the different stakeholders
- Understand digital technologies as a medical device and place it in the context of clinical trials, European regulations, and clinical applicability.
Investigator
The student is able to:
- Evaluate stakeholders’ interests in multiple dimensions and propose improvements towards results or course of development.
- Understand the technical and operational barriers and facilitators for the introduction of digital technologies in healthcare
Communicator
The student is able to:
- Re-formulate a scientific piece of text into communication which is understandable for laymen, in the form of text and in the form of visuals.
Recommended reading
● Pattern Classification, Hart, Peter E.; Stork, David G. ● Fundamentals of Clinical Data Science http://www.clinicaldatasciencebook.com/ ● TRIPOD Guidelines: https://www.acpjournals.org/doi/full/10.7326/M14-0698 ● Supervised Machine Learning: A Review of Classification Techniques, S. B. Kotsiantis ● Fundamentals of Data Visualization, Claus O. Wilke https://clauswilke.com/dataviz/index.html ● Machine Learning in Python: Main Developments and Technology Trends in Data Science, Machine Learning, and Artificial Intelligence S. Raschka , J. Patterson and C. Nolet
- J.P.A. van Soest