Perception and Attention

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The objective of the course is to present the current neuro-cognitive theories and experimental methods in the field of visual perception and attention. This will be achieved via discussion of a set of core papers in this field. Vision is a complex cognitive process which provides us with a richer stream of information than any other sense. The primate visual cortex is composed of at least 30 highly interconnected functionally specialised regions. The regions where visual information first enters the cortex are called early visual areas. Neurons in these areas have relatively simple properties, and their small receptive fields are arranged to form retinotopic maps of the environment on the cortex. Higher level visual processing occurs in a ventral and dorsal stream, each of which is composed of regions specialised for representation of more complex visual content (including motion, faces and places). This network of functionally specialised perceptual regions can adapt to the task that the organism is faced with. This is the case, for example, when looking for someone in a crowd and attending to one face at a time. There are many kinds of attention, but attention can be generally described as involving some type of information selection. In this course, neural mechanisms underlying prototypical examples of low and high level perception will be studied, as well as neural mechanisms underlying selective attention. The course will discuss both historically important papers, as well as more recent research in visual perception and attention, involving different empirical methods including psychophysics, neurophysiology, functional brain imaging and evoked potentials, with an emphasis on neurophysiology.